Infrastruktur/NextCloud

Requirements

• PostgreSQL
• PHP (mit php-ldap, php-pgsql, php-redis)
• nginx
• redis

Unsere NextCloud Einstellungen

• autoconfig.php – Datenbank + Adminaccount
  • PostgreSQL
  • Admin zur Basisconfiguration
• LDAP – mit UCS-LDAP und nextCloud-LDAP-Plugin
  • > seperater LDAP-Benutzername für LDAP
  • > BaseDN cn=users,dc=dezentrale,dc=intranet
  • > Benutzernamen als uid damit Benutzer = nick (Experteneinstellungen)
  • > Gruppen-Member als memberUid um Administration über LDAP zu ermöglichen (Advanced -> Directory)
• Gruppenordner
  • > Gruppen und deren Mitglieder werden aus LDAP entnommen und entsprechend verknotet

NextCloud Tools

- OCC (OwnCloudClient) – Terminalclient für die Administration

Migration von UCS

• Nextcloud installieren (herunterladen von Website https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/)
  • Datenbank im PostgresSQL erstellen und Nutzer inkl. Rechten definieren
    • CREATE USER nextcloud WITH PASSWORD 'password'; CREATE DATABASE nextclouddb TEMPLATE template0 ENCODING 'UNICODE';
    • ALTER DATABASE nextclouddb OWNER TO username; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE nextclouddb TO nextcloud;
  • tarball entzippen (/var/www/nextcloud)
  • nginx config erstellen

    • upstream php-handler {
          #server 127.0.0.1:9000;
          server unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
      }
      
      server {
          listen 80;
          listen [::]:80;
          server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;
      
          # Enforce HTTPS
          return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
      #    root /var/www/nextcloud;
      }
      
      server {
          listen 443      ssl http2;
          listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
          server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;
          error_log nextcloud-errorlog.log debug;
      
          # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
          # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
          ssl_certificate /path/2/nginx.cert;
          ssl_certificate_key /path/2/private.key;
          # intermediate configuration
          ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
          ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
          ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
      
      
          # HSTS settings
          # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
          # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
          # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
          # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
          # could take several months.
          add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
      
          # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
          client_max_body_size 512M;
          client_body_timeout 300s; 
          fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
      
          # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
          gzip on;
          gzip_vary on;
          gzip_comp_level 4;
          gzip_min_length 256;
          gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
          gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
      
          # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
          # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
          #pagespeed off;
      
          # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
          add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
          add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
          add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
          add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
          add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
          add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
          add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;
      
          # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
          fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
      
          # Path to the root of your installation
          root /var/www/nextcloud;
      
          # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
          # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
          # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
          # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
          # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
          # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
          # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
          # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
          # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
          # always provides the desired behaviour.
          index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
      
          # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
          location = / {
              if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
                  return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
              }
          }
      
          location = /robots.txt {
              allow all;
              log_not_found off;
              access_log off;
          }
      
          # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
          # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
          # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
          # for `/.well-known`.
          location ^~ /.well-known {
              # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
              # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
      
              location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
              location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
      
              location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
              location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
      
              # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
              # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
              return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
          }
      
          # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
          location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
          location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
      
          # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
          # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
          # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
          # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
          location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
              # Required for legacy support
              rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
      
              fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
              set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
      
              try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
      
              include fastcgi_params;
              fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
              fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
              fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
      
              fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
              fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
              fastcgi_pass php-handler;
      
              fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
              fastcgi_request_buffering off;
          }
      
          location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite)$ {
              try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
              expires 6M;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
              access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
      
              location ~ \.wasm$ {
                  default_type application/wasm;
              }
          }
      
          location ~ \.woff2?$ {
              try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
              expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
              access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
          }
      
          # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
          location /remote {
              return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
          }
      
          location / {
              try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
          }
      }
      

  • autoconfig.php erstellen und in /var/www/nextcloud/config/

    • <?php
      $AUTOCONFIG = array(
        "dbtype"        => pgsql",
        "dbname"        => "nextclouddb",
        "dbuser"        => "nextcloud",
        "dbpass"        => "password",
        "dbhost"        => "localhost",
        "dbtableprefix" => "",
        "adminlogin"    => "adminlogin",
        "adminpass"     => "adminpass",
        "directory"     => "/var/www/nextcloud/data",
      );
      ?>
      

• Datenbank exportieren
  • > Share-Tabellen (!) extra ex/importieren
• Daten migrieren mithilfe von unterschiedlichsten Scripten
• Gruppenordner via occ ausgeben und als Texttabelle sichern
  • Textabelle in yaml Datei umwandeln