Infrastruktur/NextCloud: Difference between revisions

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(Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „==Requirements== -> PostgresSQL -> PHP -> nginx ==Unsere NextCloud Einstellungen== *LDAP – mit UCS-LDAP und nextCloud-LDAP-Plugin **> seperater Benutzername für LDAP **> BaseDN <code>cn=users,dc=dezentrale,dc=intranet</code> **> Benutzernamen als <code>uid</code> <u>damit Benutzer = nick (Experteneinstellungen)</u> **> Gruppen-Member als <code>memberUid</code> um Administration über LDAP zu ermöglichen (Advanced -> Directory) ==NextCloud Tools…“)
 
(→‎Migration von UCS: ++ nginx.conf)
 
(3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
==Requirements==
 +
== Requirements ==
   
  +
* PostgreSQL
−
-> PostgresSQL
  
  +
* PHP (mit php-ldap, php-pgsql, php-redis)
−  
  +
* nginx
−
-> PHP
 
  +
* redis
−  
−
-> nginx
  
 
==Unsere NextCloud Einstellungen==
  
==Unsere NextCloud Einstellungen==
   
  +
*<code>[https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/automatic_configuration.html autoconfig.php]</code> – Datenbank + Adminaccount
−
*LDAP – mit UCS-LDAP und nextCloud-LDAP-Plugin
  
  +
**PostgreSQL
−
**> seperater Benutzername für LDAP
  
  +
**Admin zur Basisconfiguration
  +
*LDAP – mit UCS-LDAP und [https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_user/user_auth_ldap.html nextCloud-LDAP-Plugin]
  +
**> seperater LDAP-Benutzername für LDAP
 
**> BaseDN <code>cn=users,dc=dezentrale,dc=intranet</code>
  
**> BaseDN <code>cn=users,dc=dezentrale,dc=intranet</code>
−
**> Benutzernamen als <code>uid</code> <u>damit Benutzer = nick (Experteneinstellungen)</u>
 +
**> Benutzernamen als <code>uid</code> damit Benutzer = nick (Experteneinstellungen)
 
**> Gruppen-Member als <code>memberUid</code> um Administration über LDAP zu ermöglichen (Advanced -> Directory)
  
**> Gruppen-Member als <code>memberUid</code> um Administration über LDAP zu ermöglichen (Advanced -> Directory)
  +
*[https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/groupfolders Gruppenordner]
  +
**> Gruppen und deren Mitglieder werden aus LDAP entnommen und entsprechend verknotet
  +
**
  +
*
   
   
Line 21: Line 27:
 
==Migration von UCS==
  
==Migration von UCS==
   
  +
* Nextcloud installieren (herunterladen von Website https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/)
−
* -> Datenbank exportieren
  
  +
**Datenbank im PostgresSQL erstellen und Nutzer inkl. Rechten definieren
  +
***<code>CREATE USER nextcloud WITH PASSWORD 'password'; CREATE DATABASE nextclouddb TEMPLATE template0 ENCODING 'UNICODE';</code>
  +
***<code>ALTER DATABASE nextclouddb OWNER TO username; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE nextclouddb TO nextcloud;</code>
  +
**tarball entzippen (/var/www/nextcloud)
  +
**nginx config erstellen
  +
***<syntaxhighlight lang="nginx">
  +
upstream php-handler {
  +
#server 127.0.0.1:9000;
  +
server unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
  +
}
  +
  +
server {
  +
listen 80;
  +
listen [::]:80;
  +
server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;
  +
  +
# Enforce HTTPS
  +
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
  +
# root /var/www/nextcloud;
  +
}
  +
  +
server {
  +
listen 443 ssl http2;
  +
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
  +
server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;
  +
error_log nextcloud-errorlog.log debug;
  +
  +
# Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
  +
# https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
  +
ssl_certificate /path/2/nginx.cert;
  +
ssl_certificate_key /path/2/private.key;
  +
# intermediate configuration
  +
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
  +
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
  +
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
  +
  +
  +
# HSTS settings
  +
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
  +
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
  +
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
  +
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
  +
# could take several months.
  +
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
  +
  +
# set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
  +
client_max_body_size 512M;
  +
client_body_timeout 300s;
  +
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
  +
  +
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
  +
gzip on;
  +
gzip_vary on;
  +
gzip_comp_level 4;
  +
gzip_min_length 256;
  +
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
  +
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
  +
  +
# Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
  +
# with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
  +
#pagespeed off;
  +
  +
# HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
  +
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
  +
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
  +
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
  +
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
  +
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
  +
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
  +
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
  +
  +
# Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
  +
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
  +
  +
# Path to the root of your installation
  +
root /var/www/nextcloud;
  +
  +
# Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
  +
# here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
  +
# when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
  +
# on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
  +
# that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
  +
# the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
  +
# to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
  +
# `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
  +
# `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
  +
# always provides the desired behaviour.
  +
index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
  +
  +
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
  +
location = / {
  +
if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
  +
return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
  +
}
  +
}
  +
  +
location = /robots.txt {
  +
allow all;
  +
log_not_found off;
  +
access_log off;
  +
}
  +
  +
# Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
  +
# access it despite the existence of the regex rule
  +
# `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
  +
# for `/.well-known`.
  +
location ^~ /.well-known {
  +
# The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
  +
# in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
  +
  +
location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
  +
location = /.well-known/caldav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
  +
  +
location /.well-known/acme-challenge { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
  +
location /.well-known/pki-validation { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
  +
  +
# Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
  +
# requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
  +
return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
  +
}
  +
  +
# Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
  +
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/) { return 404; }
  +
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) { return 404; }
  +
  +
# Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
  +
# which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
  +
# then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
  +
# to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
  +
location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
  +
# Required for legacy support
  +
rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
  +
  +
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
  +
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
  +
  +
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
  +
  +
include fastcgi_params;
  +
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  +
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
  +
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
  +
  +
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true; # Avoid sending the security headers twice
  +
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true; # Enable pretty urls
  +
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
  +
  +
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
  +
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
  +
}
  +
  +
location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite)$ {
  +
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
  +
expires 6M; # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
  +
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
  +
  +
location ~ \.wasm$ {
  +
default_type application/wasm;
  +
}
  +
}
  +
  +
location ~ \.woff2?$ {
  +
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
  +
expires 7d; # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
  +
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
  +
}
  +
  +
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
  +
location /remote {
  +
return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
  +
}
  +
  +
location / {
  +
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
  +
}
  +
}
  +
  +
</syntaxhighlight>
  +
**autoconfig.php erstellen und in /var/www/nextcloud/config/
  +
*** <syntaxhighlight lang="php" line="1">
  +
<?php
  +
$AUTOCONFIG = array(
  +
"dbtype" => pgsql",
  +
"dbname" => "nextclouddb",
  +
"dbuser" => "nextcloud",
  +
"dbpass" => "password",
  +
"dbhost" => "localhost",
  +
"dbtableprefix" => "",
  +
"adminlogin" => "adminlogin",
  +
"adminpass" => "adminpass",
  +
"directory" => "/var/www/nextcloud/data",
  +
);
  +
?>
  +
</syntaxhighlight>
  +
  +
*
  +
*Datenbank exportieren
 
** > Share-Tabellen (!) extra ex/importieren
  
** > Share-Tabellen (!) extra ex/importieren
  +
*Daten migrieren mithilfe von unterschiedlichsten Scripten
−
* -> Gruppenordner
  
  +
* Gruppenordner via occ ausgeben und als Texttabelle sichern
  +
**Textabelle in yaml Datei umwandeln
  +
*

Latest revision as of 22:06, 11 January 2022

Requirements

  • PostgreSQL
  • PHP (mit php-ldap, php-pgsql, php-redis)
  • nginx
  • redis

Unsere NextCloud Einstellungen

  • autoconfig.php – Datenbank + Adminaccount
    • PostgreSQL
    • Admin zur Basisconfiguration
  • LDAP – mit UCS-LDAP und nextCloud-LDAP-Plugin
    • > seperater LDAP-Benutzername für LDAP
    • > BaseDN cn=users,dc=dezentrale,dc=intranet
    • > Benutzernamen als uid damit Benutzer = nick (Experteneinstellungen)
    • > Gruppen-Member als memberUid um Administration über LDAP zu ermöglichen (Advanced -> Directory)
  • Gruppenordner
    • > Gruppen und deren Mitglieder werden aus LDAP entnommen und entsprechend verknotet


NextCloud Tools

- OCC (OwnCloudClient) – Terminalclient für die Administration

Migration von UCS

  • Nextcloud installieren (herunterladen von Website https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/)
    • Datenbank im PostgresSQL erstellen und Nutzer inkl. Rechten definieren
      • CREATE USER nextcloud WITH PASSWORD 'password'; CREATE DATABASE nextclouddb TEMPLATE template0 ENCODING 'UNICODE';
      • ALTER DATABASE nextclouddb OWNER TO username; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE nextclouddb TO nextcloud;
    • tarball entzippen (/var/www/nextcloud)
    • nginx config erstellen 
      • upstream php-handler {
    #server 127.0.0.1:9000;
    server unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;

    # Enforce HTTPS
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
#    root /var/www/nextcloud;
}

server {
    listen 443      ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name next.dezentrale.cloud;
    error_log nextcloud-errorlog.log debug;

    # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
    # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
    ssl_certificate /path/2/nginx.cert;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/2/private.key;
    # intermediate configuration
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;


    # HSTS settings
    # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
    # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
    # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
    # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
    # could take several months.
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;

    # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    client_body_timeout 300s; 
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

    # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

    # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
    # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
    #pagespeed off;

    # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
    add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
    add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
    add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;

    # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
    fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

    # Path to the root of your installation
    root /var/www/nextcloud;

    # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
    # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
    # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
    # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
    # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
    # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
    # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
    # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
    # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
    # always provides the desired behaviour.
    index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;

    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
    location = / {
        if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
            return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
        }
    }

    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
    # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
    # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
    # for `/.well-known`.
    location ^~ /.well-known {
        # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
        # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.

        location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
        location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }

        location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
        location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }

        # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
        # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
        return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
    }

    # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }

    # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
    # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
    # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
    # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
    location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
        # Required for legacy support
        rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;

        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;

        try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;

        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;

        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
        fastcgi_pass php-handler;

        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering off;
    }

    location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 6M;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets

        location ~ \.wasm$ {
            default_type application/wasm;
        }
    }

    location ~ \.woff2?$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }

    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
    location /remote {
        return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
    }

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
    }
}
    • autoconfig.php erstellen und in /var/www/nextcloud/config/ 
      • <?php
$AUTOCONFIG = array(
  "dbtype"        => pgsql",
  "dbname"        => "nextclouddb",
  "dbuser"        => "nextcloud",
  "dbpass"        => "password",
  "dbhost"        => "localhost",
  "dbtableprefix" => "",
  "adminlogin"    => "adminlogin",
  "adminpass"     => "adminpass",
  "directory"     => "/var/www/nextcloud/data",
);
?>
  • Datenbank exportieren
    • > Share-Tabellen (!) extra ex/importieren
  • Daten migrieren mithilfe von unterschiedlichsten Scripten
  • Gruppenordner via occ ausgeben und als Texttabelle sichern
    • Textabelle in yaml Datei umwandeln
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